Abstract

The article examines social insecurity in three European societies: Germany, Netherlands, and Finland. The aim of the article is to de¬scribe the insecurity typical of these countries, which have a different social security system; what it is like, and which populations are par¬ticularly vulnerable. In addition, we will look at how different social systems in these countries have been successful in the treatment of insecurity. The empirical data set is the European Social Survey 2018 data.